NMN restores the quality of aged eggs and improves early embryonic development

NMN studies have shown that it can reduce ROS levels in senescent oocytes, enhance antioxidant gene expression, improve oocyte quality and early embryo development, increase blastocyst formation rate and pluripotent gene expression.

Improving reproductive aging has always been the focus of NMN anti-aging research.

Several animal studies have shown that:

• NMN can increase sperm count and decrease sperm malformation significantly.
• Improve ovarian reserve and reverse oocyte (egg) aging;
• It also has a protective effect on oocytes and can reduce the damage caused by environmental pollutants.

A recent study by Chinese scientists published in the international journal PLOS ONE has made new findings:

NMN can significantly improve oocyte senescence in large animals and promote subsequent embryonic development.

Bright spot

• (1) NMN decreased the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increased the mRNA expression level of antioxidant genes in senile oocytes;
• (2) Compared with senescent oocytes, the mitochondrial membrane potential of senescent oocytes treated with NMN increased.
• (3) NMN increased the blastocyst formation rate and the expression of pluripotent genes in senescent oocytes.

NMN saved senescent oocytes

Oocyte (egg) aging causes changes in the structure and function of mammalian oocytes, mainly including DNA damage, oxidative damage, chromosome arrangement abnormalities, and eventually lead to low fertility.

Oocytes decrease in quantity and quality due to aging, which increases the probability of embryo dysplasia in vitro fertilization.

The study selected oocytes from large animals and cultured porcine oocytes in vitro, finding that the proportion of aged (broken) oocytes gradually increased over time.

Different concentrations of NMN saved the aging rate of senile oocytes after 48 hours of culture, indicating that NMN saved senile oocytes from fragmentation.

With the extension of aging time, the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in porcine oocytes increased gradually compared with control group. The expression of ROS in senescent oocytes treated with NMN showed a decreasing trend at 24 or 48 h.

NMN increased the expression of antioxidant genes SOD1 and Cat.

These results suggest that NMN supplementation can decrease ROS levels and enhance the expression of antioxidant genes in aging oocytes.

In normal oocytes, the actin cytoskeleton plays an important role in asymmetric spindle localization and cortical polarization.

The actin strength of aged oocytes decreased at 24 and 48 hours, while NMN saved the actin strength of aged oocytes at 24 hours.

NMN also saved senescence caused by mitochondrial dysfunction in porcine oocytes, and reduced the mRNA levels of chromosomal morphological abnormalities and apoptosis-related genes in senescent oocytes.

NMN improves early embryonic development

The development of a fertilized egg into a blastocyst is a key step in the process of conception, and the pluripotent gene NANOG plays an important regulatory role in embryonic development.

After NMN treatment, the blastocyst rate and the expression level of pluripotent gene NANOG were increased compared with the control group, indicating that NMN can improve the early embryonic development of aging oocytes.